Genotype by Environment Interaction Analysis of Agronomic Spring Barley Traits in Iceland Using AMMI, Factorial Regression Model and Linear Mixed Model

Spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is the most important cereal in Iceland and its national breeding program aims to select genotypes adapted environment. A critical step understand adaptation of Nordic material a cool maritime climate assess genotype by environment interaction (GxE). In this study, we evaluated yield thousand-kernel weight (TKW) 32 spring seven Icelandic environments. We applied three methods analyze GxE: additive main effects multiplicative model, factorial linear mixed model. For yield, GxE was mainly caused better response six-row compared two-row high fertility soils. TKW, showed pattern along gradient daily mean temperatures. This translated into divergent TKW between 2-row 6-row genotypes, with substantial crossovers temperature gradient. disentangled using all methods, illustrating value cross-analysis. As trait interest for cultivation Iceland, few performance have been observed environments, definition one mega-environment recommended breeding. identified promising genetic both traits highlighted superiority yield.